The frumento was between the first plants to being cultivated. The center of its domesticazione has been identified, from the archeologi, in various localities of the wide area that Iranians give to the reliefs and from mountains of the Anatolia he catches up the coast of Palestine comprising goes it them of Tigris the Euphrates, the area that for the shape has been defined the “fertile Mezzaluna”. Within the “Mezzaluna” the original center of the culture has been fixed, from various students, in different areas. The last studies, lead comparing the genetic equipment of the wild frumenti still existing us and of those cultivate to you, have fixed the crib of the cultivation on the Karacadag mounts, one chain mail between the river bed of Tigris and that one of the Euphrates, practically in the geometric center of the Fertile Mezzaluna.

Archeologi and historians have penetrated the importance that the cultivation of the frumento has carried out in order to push out the first human societies to more complex shapes of organization. While the ortaggi can be cultivate to you, in fact, also round to a field of nomads, the frumento, in the climatic conditions of goes them of Tigris the Euphrates, pushed the first cultivators to realize nets of channels in order to extend the cultivation, the first cities defended from walls for guardian the *raccolto in the course of the year, to organize armies in order to defend from the nomads the territory watered from the laboriously realized channels, and for procurare the slaves in order to extend the superficial new channels. The frumento has forced, in these terms, the man to organize the civil society.

Assuring to the city of Rome regulating supplying of the grain divenne, then the hinge of politics of the roman empire.

from http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=it&u=http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mina_(peso)&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dmoneta%2Bmina%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:*:IE-SearchBox%26pwst%3D1

Ancient Greek Numismatics
8 chalkus = 1 obolo (the iron spit and grain ear wheat picture)

6 obolo = 1 drachmae

1 obolo = 1/6 drachmae = 1/48 Roman Uncia

8 drachmae = an octodrachmae = 1 roman uncia.

When it was used like monetary measure, a gold talent agreed, and therefore the weight of one person in gold.

During the War of the Peloponneso in ancient Greece the talent was the silver amount necessary in order to pay the crew of one trireme for a month.

A talent is an ancient unit of measure of the mass. The Babylonian and the Sumeri had a system in which 60 shekel they formed a mine and 60 mines formed a talent.

3600 shekel = 60 mina = 1 talent

20 gerah = 1 shekel

To weigh precious metals, a talent of 3000 shekels and 50 shekels to the mina.

Metaponto

2 weight systems, Common Weight Standard and the Royal Weight Standard.  Sounds like Wholesale and Retail.

1/2 shekel = beha

1/20 shekel = gerah

the hebrew shekel has the same weight as the common babylonian gold shekel.

the silver shekel is the same as the phoenician silver shekel.

Simon the Maccabbee starts to coin the hebrews start to coin money.  antiochus vii gives maccabee the power to coin money.(I Macc. XV. 6)

Upper reaches of the Indus River = Afghanistan, .  Lower reaches of the Indus River = Pakistan

Upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris River =